Segmentation and targeting Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Segmentation and targeting - Personal Statement Example The major consumer characteristics influencing market segmentation include geographic, psychographic, behavioral and demographic characteristics. Harry and David, a leading internet-retail store that deals with delivery of fruit gifts exemplifies a successful marketing segmentation strategy. In the Harry and David site, segmentation has been achieved through development of a product mix consisting of; Among the various gift segments, the products are targeted to the needs of specific customers using different messages. For instance, the birthday gift segment allows personalization of the gifts by adding a free gift card where the customer can write a specific message. Flower gifts are also tailored to specific occasions like May Day (May 1st), Administrative professional day (April 25th), Earth day(April 22nd) and Nurses Week (May 6th– May 12th) among other occasions. Some of the Promotional messages used in the product mix include; The segmentation choice and the messages used in each category are suitable as they are tailored to provide a personal touch to the customers. However, I would include messages that appeal to the tastes of different age groups like teenagers, young adults and middle-age groups if I was responsible for marketing the Harry and David e-retail

Consequences of the Peloponnesian War Research Paper

Consequences of the Peloponnesian War - Research Paper Example Although this observation by Thucydides lacked the advantage of hindsight, his statement now carries validity, as the Peloponnesian War had many immediate and lasting effects, which this paper will attempt to determine. In order to properly understand the consequences of the Peloponnesian War, the causes and course of the war must be known. In Donald Kagan’s On the Origins of War and Preservation of Peace, he argues that the causes of all war are sourced from â€Å"fear, honor, and interest† (On the Origins 6), and this holds true with the Peloponnesian War. Athens and Sparta were two of the most powerful Greek city-states in the 5th century B.C., and they were on opposite sides of the â€Å"power bloc† due to the formation of the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League. The Delian League eventually became the Athenian Empire, was originally made to combat the threat of the Persian Empire (The Outbreak 2); the Peloponnesian League was formed by Sparta to comba t the rising threat of Athens (Thucydides, Hammond, Rhodes 476). Rather than combining their respective power and influence, the two city states became opposed factions within the Hellenic World. While there are many intricate and underlying causes to the Peloponnesian War, Thucydides and numerous modern historians agree, to the best of their knowledge, that the main cause of the war was â€Å"Spartan fear of Athenian power† (Thucydides, Hammond, Rhodes 477). Because of the threat of the growing Athenian Empire, in hindsight it became evident that the war was inevitable – the Athenian power became an object of fear that the Spartans could not ignore. The Peloponnesian War spanned across a period of twenty seven years, encompassing numerous theaters, battles and campaigns that cannot be explained entirely in this paper. This paper will outline a brief summary of the war that will be used to help determine the consequences of the conflict. Athens was aware of the fact th at they could not outright defeat the Spartan army, thus, they built a walled corridor between their city and their port of Piraeus, which the Athenians resided within in an attempt to wait out the Spartan army and outlast them in a war of attrition (Daniel 74). Since the Spartans could not breach the walls of their enemy and the Athenians could not outlast the Spartans, the war resulted to a series of Athenian naval raids and Spartan attacks into Athenian land with the goal of destroying vital crops and resources (Daniel 74). After a plague within the Athenian walls that led to the death of the Athenian war leader Pericles, Alcibiades, a new Athenian leader, took the reins of the Athenian forces, and drastically altered the Athenian plan of action for the war. Alcibiades decided to change from a defensive strategy to an offensive one, and thus ordered an invasion of the city of Syracuse on the island of Sicily, which, due to bad leadership, organization, and excellent Spartan defen se, turned out to be a failure (Daniel 75). The failed campaign resulted in the destruction of the Athenian fleet and army, and ultimately resulted in the Athenians losing the war that they had started (Gombrich 63). First, this paper will analyze the immediate effects of the war on both Athens and Sparta. As history has seen in numerous instances, being defeated in a war has seemingly endless and perpetual

Change Management and Leadership Research Paper

Change Management and Leadership - Research Paper Example Secondly, the leadership should have the power to motivate and empower the followers so that they become ready to adapt to changes without resistance. Also, they should be encouraged to accept the shared vision and get ready to accept challenging goals. Another important point is that the leadership should be able to enforce enough discipline to execute the plans and policies. Most of the time, organizations come up with impressive strategic plans but they lack the change management skills to properly operate the strategies to reach the expected goals. As Kaminski insists, whenever there is a plan, there should be properly developed performance measures and targets. Thirdly, the leadership should be fully prepared to change at any time as an organization might need to change as a result of environmental changes. So, only a fully prepared leadership can ensure that the organization has an environment that proactively observes and responds to changes in both external and internal facto rs. Finally, the leadership should understand change as a long and continuous process which has to be implemented over a long period of time. Leadership as the Visionary The first role of leadership is that of a visionary. ... Leadership as the Inspirer Leadership should have the ability to inspire and motivate the people under it. It is often achieved by identifying specific benefits to the people and minimizing potential losses. Also, there is participative decision making and open communication which will make the followers feel that there is a compelling reason for change. Leadership as Supporter In fact, leadership acts as supporter through providing enough resources, enough time, recognition and rewards. Also, from time to time, leadership will publicise vivid stories about the success of the change. Moreover, the leadership will provide such a picture that the success of all people is dependent on the success of the change. Leadership as Supporter Leadership also acts as supporter during changes. It actively listens to the problems and criticisms of people. Also, it offers as much empathy and care as possible to the people affected by the change. Leadership and Change Strategies There was a seminar named ‘Transforming Organisations’ organised by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions in Madrid on 23 and 24 September 2003. In the seminar, all the participants agreed to the fact that change management is the most important role of leadership. In fact, most of the changes introduced in organizations are aimed at improving either performance or productivity. The various strategies the companies adopt to ensure transformation range from growth, innovation and skills development, downsizing, layoff, replacements, altering assets and resources, and so on and on (cited in Dhondt, Kraan and Sloten). June Kaminski

History of Pharmacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Pharmacy - Essay Example We now have vaccines to prevent our children from contracting fatal diseases that use to plague us in the earlier times. Had the break though of science been far fetched an idea, then population would not be a problem now and perhaps we would not live up to the days where we see our off-springs bear their own. We would not be able to see the world become highly technical through the science of major discoveries. Such, to me is the importance of learning the history of pharmacy, thus making me marvel at its relevance and importance. Without this branch of medicine, doctors would not have access to measure and solutions and therefore there would be no medication available to sick people. The study of what and how pharmacy evolved enlightens me into a realization that pharmacist play an imperative aspect making the world a better place to live in. When the world searched for drugs to cure illness, we became the answer to it. Along with the advancement of science, people learned to embrace the importance of the discovery of drugs. Those who made this possible were the people who painstakingly studied the pharmacologic aspect of the drug are the heroes of the modern world, with out them there would not be pain relievers or antacids and management of these medications wouldn't be known and practice had there been not enough knowledge imparted to significant people assisting sick individuals become well. If there were no pharmacies around, where would we get our medicines prescribed by our physician Without pharmacist, who would do cross check of the prescriptions issued by doctors Pharmacy is made available because there is a need for drugs to become available to ordinary individual, to assist them with their queries relative to the drug's potency, dosage and uses. Questions which they perhaps failed to ask their general physicians, or possible instructions that were not clearly discussed to them due to ti me constraints. Through out the years, the practice of pharmacy and its management has been clearly affected by cultural diversity, this is because culture plays a significant role in the way interactions happen. Culture dictates the manner with which we relate to one another even when the most obvious need arise. The obvious need I am referring to may reflect in our hesitation to ask or make clarification, or this can be due to language barrier. Most often, the practice of pharmacy management is highly similar to establishing relationships with others; highly critical and full of emotion, simple put, characterized with to human nature. Certain beliefs are thus answered through the science of pharmacology, just like in the manner with which ordinary fever used to be perceived as punishment of the gods in the olden times but in the present, fever is a significant indicator that there is an infection which your own body is fighting against through the efforts and mechanism of your own white blood cell s. Doctors may not have time to explain this to

Change Management and Leadership Research Paper

Change Management and Leadership - Research Paper Example Secondly, the leadership should have the power to motivate and empower the followers so that they become ready to adapt to changes without resistance. Also, they should be encouraged to accept the shared vision and get ready to accept challenging goals. Another important point is that the leadership should be able to enforce enough discipline to execute the plans and policies. Most of the time, organizations come up with impressive strategic plans but they lack the change management skills to properly operate the strategies to reach the expected goals. As Kaminski insists, whenever there is a plan, there should be properly developed performance measures and targets. Thirdly, the leadership should be fully prepared to change at any time as an organization might need to change as a result of environmental changes. So, only a fully prepared leadership can ensure that the organization has an environment that proactively observes and responds to changes in both external and internal facto rs. Finally, the leadership should understand change as a long and continuous process which has to be implemented over a long period of time. Leadership as the Visionary The first role of leadership is that of a visionary. ... Leadership as the Inspirer Leadership should have the ability to inspire and motivate the people under it. It is often achieved by identifying specific benefits to the people and minimizing potential losses. Also, there is participative decision making and open communication which will make the followers feel that there is a compelling reason for change. Leadership as Supporter In fact, leadership acts as supporter through providing enough resources, enough time, recognition and rewards. Also, from time to time, leadership will publicise vivid stories about the success of the change. Moreover, the leadership will provide such a picture that the success of all people is dependent on the success of the change. Leadership as Supporter Leadership also acts as supporter during changes. It actively listens to the problems and criticisms of people. Also, it offers as much empathy and care as possible to the people affected by the change. Leadership and Change Strategies There was a seminar named ‘Transforming Organisations’ organised by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions in Madrid on 23 and 24 September 2003. In the seminar, all the participants agreed to the fact that change management is the most important role of leadership. In fact, most of the changes introduced in organizations are aimed at improving either performance or productivity. The various strategies the companies adopt to ensure transformation range from growth, innovation and skills development, downsizing, layoff, replacements, altering assets and resources, and so on and on (cited in Dhondt, Kraan and Sloten). June Kaminski

Advantages and Disadvantages of Info Tech Essay Example for Free

Advantages and Disadvantages of Info Tech Essay 1.more time: I.T has made it possible for businesses to be open 24/7 all over the globe, making purchases from different countries easier and more convenient.it also means that u can have goods delivered right to your doorstep with having to move a single muscle. 2.bridging the cultural gap: I.T has helped bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow the exchange of views and ideas.increasing the awareness and reducing prejudice. 3.communication:communication has become cheaper,quicker and more efficient. we can contact anyone in the word simply by sending them and email or using one of the social networks for almost an instantaneous response.the internet has opened up face to face direct communication from different parts of the world by video conferencing. disadvantages 1.unemployment: while I.T may have streamlined the business process it has also created job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. this means all the middle class jobs have been gotten rid of causing more people to loose their jobs 2.lack of job security: industry experts believe that the internet has made job security a big issue since technology keeps on changing everyday. this means that one has to be in a constant learning mode if he or she wishes to keep their job secure. 3.privacy: though I.T has made communication cheaper,faster and more convenient, it has also brought along some privacy issues.(eg. email hacking) people are now worried about their once private information  becoming puplic knowledge.

Strategy for Innovation and Development in Latin America

Strategy for Innovation and Development in Latin America Fernando Vela ABSTRACT Latin America has grades development opportunities due to its great natural wealth. The universities are a fundamental part of this development because they are encouraging their students to develop their capacity for innovation. The universities are creating a series of programs to help the innovation and development of Latin America. These programs are based on the relationships that exist between different universities, so they can share ideas and innovation and development projects. It is also based on reference the model for the University Social Responsibility in explaining the 4 key points for the development and the innovation. This will help improve the economy in Latin America. INTRODUCTION Mark Twain says: A man with a new idea is a crazy until the idea triumphs. Latin America is a characterized as one of the regions of the world with greater opportunities for growth and development. Latin America has opportunities for growth and the universities are the key to this growth. Those countries that it makes up are rich in resources natural and talented human. However, in its population there are great contrasts in the distribution of wealth. For this reason, there is still poverty in Latin America. Â  Countries that make up Latin America have sufficient natural riches and to face the future with optimism. Universities are a key part of the momentum of the entrepreneurial activity in Latin America. It is a source of knowledge for their students and the society, has a positive influence in these. One of the ways in which universities have extended their contributions in the field of entrepreneurship, is through the creation of networks taking into account the model for the university social responsibility. In Latin America the majority of universities seek to give students an education with innovative skills. For this reason, the students develop their creative capacities and seek solutions to problems that exist in Latin America. This is the only way in which students can help the development and entrepreneurship in Latin America, because it began to create new sources of employment and help that every country that makes up Latin America continue proceeding. Countries of Latin America with higher and lower index of innovation In Latin America there are countries that have an index very high of developments in the last time. It is the case of Colombia and Chile. In the past few years, Chile has been growing in the topic of innovation, ecosystems and mainly in the undertaking. Start-Up Chile was the beginning of a revolution in this area, since developed a great program that was not limited to the local. But this does not stop there, until in the south, in their universities, is planning to develop and enhance dynamic entrepreneurship (Andrade, 2015) Colombia ranks fourth in the list of countries with the highest number of innovative entrepreneurship in initial phase, behind Chile. Colombia has conditions such as a high activity of enterprises in the early phase, a significant percentage of innovation and ambition of growth of young companies. Colombia shows a high rate of entrepreneurship and a large proportion of them are innovative and with the ambition to grow. A large number of entrepreneurs is introducing products or services in the Colombian market, which before were not available and that is good. (Kelley, 2015) According to Kelley, both in Chile and Colombia, the only Latin American countries included on the list, people can see entrepreneurship as a way to provide an income when there is not better alternative to the employment. Venezuela suffers an economic crisis due to the low cost of petroleum. This country depended only of oil and for that reason the Venezuelan people is concerned. The development and innovation in this country is the lowest according to a study carried out. This study indicates that due to the crisis that confronts Venezuela companies are deterred from investing in Venezuela. (Pardo, 2014) Universities in Latin America propose a momentum for innovation From a point of view of research, universities such as the Autonomous of Nuevo Leon University conducted several studies that enhance the entrepreneurship and innovation; highlights the study of them different types of strategies of collaboration or bonding and its contribution to the amount of development of projects of research and development technological for improve it management and efficiency in the generation of projects of research and development technological and innovation in organizations. In the case of the Catholic of Uruguay University, there was a strong work for developing entrepreneurship and innovation through education by competences, where through their actions seeks to develop the entrepreneurial spirit of its students support to entrepreneurship of students and graduates to investigate the profile of the Entrepreneur. The Popular autonomous of the State of Puebla University is an institution that also has with a program to promote the entrepreneurship which is plans to from the constructivism and the connectivism, and has as strategy didactic perform projects training and solve problems, form character, develops the auto learning, gives tools of management, is flexible, links to the student until where it decides to, creates environments, networks of collaboration and partnerships. Highlights also the technological of Monterrey, institution that from makes more than thirty years has designed various strategies to foster the culture entrepreneurial through it innovation and the generation of value. This institution has an Institute that aims to ensure that all students develop and strengthen their entrepreneurial spirit, which has worked hard in implementing the following strategies: develop attitudes and entrepreneurial skills; study and propose to advance the State of the art in the field of entrepreneurship; facilitate the creation and development of enterprises for students with interest; positioning and communication; and partnerships and collaboration (Toledo, 2014) Reference the model for the University Social Responsibility Organization. Where it is analyzed as the business school incorporates between its management the themes of innovation and entrepreneurship, teaching with example. Education. Where are reviewed and analyzed the way in which each business school uses techniques and tools and approaches for the formation of the competencies of their students in these topics. Research. In where is identify the areas priority of study and research relevant that impact to your region or community and their forms of disclosure Participation. Where it seeks to have practical results with an impact on the surrounding communities so that in a collaborative effort students and researchers applied in real situations their knowledge and experience, leaving testimony in companies and agencies in the region of successful projects. (Toledo, 2014) CONCLUSION The lack of innovation hinders the creation of jobs. The economic situation in Latin America is such that firms tend to start small and remain small. In the last ten years, Latin America has benefited enormously from the favorable winds of the global economy, enabling you to reduce extreme poverty, improve the equality and catapult to 50 million people to the middle class. However, as these favorable winds are diluted, growth will have to come from within, and the innovation and dynamism will be key for the region can take advantage of the social progress of recent years. Employees in Latin America works for companies many times considered as an engine of development, the entrepreneurial spirit generates jobs and spurs economic growth. While the creation of enterprises in the region is high, companies that survive grow at a much lower rate than their counterparts in other regions. Latin America has a wealth that is not developed by the lack of innovation and entrepreneurship. For this universities are generating more development in Latin America with their innovation projects. References Andrade, M. (2015, JUNIO 1). LA TERCERA . Retrieved from LA TERCERA: http://www.latercera.com/noticia/chile-es-lider-en-america-latina-en-materia-de-emprendimiento/ Kelley, D. (2015, enero 21). Ejecutiva. Retrieved from Ejecutiva: http://mba.americaeconomia.com/articulos/notas/colombia-ocupa-el-cuarto-puesto-en-listado-de-paises-con-mayor-numero-de Pardo, D. (2014, NOVIEMBRE 18). BBC WORLD. Retrieved from BBC MUNDO : http://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias/2014/11/141117_venezuela_precio_petroleo_dp Toledo, L. A. (2014). Innovation and entrepreneurship in the light of the Latin American context . LIMA: CLADEA.